American Pharoah - The first Triple Crown winner of the 21st century
American Pharoah is only one of two Triple Crown winners in the 21st century, having broken the long drought after Affirmed's 1978 Belmont Stakes victory in 2015.
This was quite a run as when Affirmed won the Belmont Stakes in 1978, he became the second consecutive and third horse in six years to win the gold standard of US racing.
Secretariat's 1973 Triple Crown had broken a 25-year drought following Citation's success in 1948, but what would follow Affirmed's win was the most prolonged period between winners in the long history of the prize. From 1979 to 1999, seven horses won the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes, only to fall short in the Belmont Stakes.
On three more occasions - Big Brown in 2008, I'll Have Another in 2012 and California Chrome in 2014 - a myriad of circumstances once again conspired to continue the string of years without a winner of the Triple Crown.
Then in 2015 came American Pharoah, the Eclipse Award Champion Two-Year-Old Colt of 2014, who entered the Kentucky Derby after sweeping the Rebel Stakes and Arkansas Derby at Oaklawn Park.
The end of the Triple Crown drought
The Bob Baffert-trained colt won the Run for the Roses by a head over Firing Line after taking the lead at the top of the stretch.
He then dominated the Preakness Stakes almost from wire to wire, defeating Tale of Verve by seven lengths. This made American Pharoah the 14th three-year-old since Affirmed's Triple Crown success in 1978 to win the first two races, so despite his stellar record, there was plenty of skepticism throughout the horse racing community.
American Pharoah's end to 2015
The Triple Crown winner was named the Eclipse Award Champion Three-Year-Old and Horse of the Year of 2015. American Pharoah was inducted into the Horse Racing Hall of Fame in 2021 and had a Grade 1 Kentucky Derby prep race run at Santa Anita Park named in his honour.